Converts text to uppercase. Returns the character specified by the code number. Removes all nonprintable characters from text. Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string. Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals. Extracts the phonetic furigana characters from a text string.
Repeats text a given number of times. Substitutes new text for old text in a text string. Converts its arguments to text. Converts a text argument to a number.
Changes full-width double-byte English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width single-byte characters. Finds one text value within another case-sensitive. Returns the leftmost characters from a text value. Returns the number of characters in a text string. Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify. Replaces characters within text.
Returns the rightmost characters from a text value. Finds one text value within another not case-sensitive.
Converts a number from one measurement system to another. Tests whether two values are equal. Returns the error function. Returns the complementary error function. Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value. Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity. Returns the modified Bessel function In x. Returns the Bessel function Jn x.
Returns the modified Bessel function Kn x. Returns the Bessel function Yn x. Converts a binary number to decimal. Converts a binary number to hexadecimal. Converts a decimal number to octal. Converts a hexadecimal number to binary.
Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal. Converts a hexadecimal number to octal. Returns the absolute value modulus of a complex number. Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number. Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians. Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number. Returns the cosine of a complex number. Returns the quotient of two complex numbers.
Returns the exponential of a complex number. Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number. Returns the base logarithm of a complex number. Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number. Returns a complex number raised to an integer power. Returns the product of complex numbers. Returns the real coefficient of a complex number. Returns the sine of a complex number. Returns the square root of a complex number. Returns the difference between two complex numbers. Returns the sum of complex numbers.
Converts an octal number to binary. Converts an octal number to decimal. Converts an octal number to hexadecimal. Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient.
Returns the depreciation for each accounting period. Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number. Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction. Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period. Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method. Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify.
Returns the effective annual interest rate. Returns the future value of an investment. Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period. Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows. Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates. Returns the annual nominal interest rate. Returns the number of periods for an investment.
Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate. Returns the present value of an investment. Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity. Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest. Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest.
Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity. Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date. Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date. Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date. Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date. Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date.
Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date. Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods. Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods. Returns the discount rate for a security. Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments. Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates.
Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security. Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment. Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period. Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period. Returns the periodic payment for an annuity. Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period. Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security.
Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill. Returns the yield for a Treasury bill. Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method. Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic.
Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic. Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill. Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity. Returns the absolute value of a number. Multiplies its arguments. Returns a random number between 0 and 1. Returns a random number between the numbers you specify.
Rounds a number to a specified number of digits. Rounds a number up, away from zero. Returns a subtotal in a list or database. Adds its arguments. Adds the cells specified by a given criteria. Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria. Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components.
Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer. Returns e raised to the power of a given number. Returns the factorial of a number. Returns the greatest common divisor.
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Returns the least common multiple. Returns the remainder from division. Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple.
Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer. Returns the value of pi. Returns the result of a number raised to a power. Returns the integer portion of a division. Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula. Returns the sign of a number. Returns a positive square root. Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments. Truncates a number to an integer. Returns an aggregate in a list or database. Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects.
Returns the cosine of a number. Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number. Returns the double factorial of a number. Returns the natural logarithm of a number. Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base.
Returns the base logarithm of a number. Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers. Returns the sine of the given angle. Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number. Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays. Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays.
Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays. Returns the tangent of a number. Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.
Returns the arccosine of a number. Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number. Returns the arcsine of a number. Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. Returns the arctangent of a number. Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates. Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. Converts radians to degrees. Returns the matrix determinant of an array.
Returns the matrix inverse of an array. Returns the matrix product of two arrays. Converts degrees to radians. Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text. Returns the average of its arguments. Returns the average arithmetic mean of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria. Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments. Counts how many values are in the list of arguments. Counts the number of blank cells within a range.
Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria. Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria. Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments. Returns the median of the given numbers. Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments. Formats a number and converts it to text. Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values.
Returns the average arithmetic mean of all cells that meet multiple criteria. Returns the geometric mean. Returns the intercept of the linear regression line. Returns the k-th largest value in a data set.
Returns the parameters of a linear trend. Returns the parameters of an exponential trend. Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values. Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values.
MULT number1,number2,…. Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive values in an array or range of data. SNGL number1,number2,…. Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits. AVG number,ref,order. EQ number,ref,order. Returns the skewness of a distribution. Returns the slope of the linear regression line.
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Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet program.
